Definition

The disease or Meniere syndrome is an invasion of the inner ear characterized by the triad of Meniere:

• Access of rotatory nature Vertigo occurring abruptly.
• Buzzes of ear.
• Deafness (ranging from a few seconds to a few days) that specialists call fluctuating unilateral hearing loss.

Causes

Labyrinthine edema is due to:

• Arteriosclerosis (deposits of atheroma within arteries).
• A vascular malfunction.
• A food allergy.
• An excess of salt.
• A former head injury.

Symptoms

Most often, Meniere disease affects one ear (80% of cases) but it may be bilateral.This syndrome occurs by crises in persons aged 20 to 50 years, and said that by:

• Tinnitus (impressions hearing ringing, ringing in the ears and whistling type, without any real sounds arriving in the ear).
• Malaise.
• Headaches (headaches).
• Decrease in hearing (primarily that of serious frequencies) followed of…
• Vertigo: in Meniere disease, the spiralling crisis is violent and persistent. Indeed, it is often a few hours and sometimes even a few days. The subject tries to adopt a position in which he feels less his dizziness, avoiding to move the head, this position much prostration (important decrease of muscle forces to accompany a deep discount).
• Nausea including vomiting.
• Sometimes important sweats.
• Nystagmus (movements jerking of the eyeball of low amplitude, the more often horizontal, more rarely, vertical or circular).
• Disorders (indeterminate) balance and walking, which may become unsteady.

Evolution of the disease

Chronic forms (over a long period of time) may evolve by successive access where the disease has symptoms occurring with more intensity.These can lead to complete deafness of one or both sides.These chronic forms, Dizzy crisis disappear but auditory function is altered: talking then aged Meniere’s disease.

Differential diagnosis

Vertigo pseudoméniérique or 3.75 refers to disorders of the vestibule further irritation for example to a lesion in the neighbourhood and characterized by normal hearing.Bonnier syndrome is identical to the syndrome of mining but is increasingly characterized by alternate hemiplegia and drowsiness. It is a syndrome which is the result of a lesion of the lateral vestibular nucleus of Deiters and surrounding bundles.Lermoyez syndrome is a syndrome of Meniere countdown. It is characterized at the onset of crisis from Vertigo who fall behind, deafness and some buzzes of ear likely to precede the first several months crisis.Gerlier syndrome or Vertigo chilling is characterized by the onset of vertigo, pain in the neck, ptosis (eyelid drop) of diplopia (double vision), of paresis (palsy early), this Transiently. There is no clear etiology that is the origin of Gerlier syndrome.

Treatment

(1) MédicalCelui-is particularly difficult to the extent which is not known with accuracy the causes of this syndrome.It includes:

• Rest.
• Anxiolytics.
• Diuretics (drugs to urinate the patient) that can help reduce the pressure in the inner ear.
• Antihistamines.
• Anti-vertigineux.
• A diet removing completely the salt, tobacco, caffeine and alcohol.
• Psychotherapy.

(2) ChirurgicalIl is to decompress the endolymphatic of inner ear apparatus and sometimes even to cut the vestibular nerve while preserving the hearing.Some surgeons do not hesitate to cut the nerve of the balance out of the inner ear or completely remove the maze. If this operation provides a solution to the problem of dizziness, it makes it deaf permanently.