ALLOPURINOL BIOGARAN 100 mg Allopurinol tablets 100 mg Action
Drug with anti-goutteuses capabilities: allopurinol combat the excess uric acid in the body. The mechanism is inhibition of xanthine oxidase is an enzyme which uric acid purine degradation.

Hyperuricemia is a concentration of urate (uric acid salt) soluble above the acceptable threshold in the blood. Uric acid is an acid from destruction (degradation) of nucleic acids in the body: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). This acid comes also from the digestion of certain foods rich in nucleic acids (liver, kidney, pancreas, veal sweetbreads, some fish, anchovies and poultry). DNA and RNA contain purine bases. The purine bases consist of substances called purine (adenine, guanine, xanthine and hypoxanthine). Purines are either foodborne, is synthesized by the body. Their degradation leads to uric acid, which too large amount in the blood causes gout. Uric acid normally must be filtered by the kidneys and eliminated via the urine. In this way, uricémie (rate of uric acid in the blood) may remain within acceptable limits by the body. Otherwise, when renal function is insufficient, the level of uric acid increases in the blood.

Indications
• Treatment of gout
• Treatment of Gouty joints diseases
• Treatment and prevention of lithiasis (calculations) due to the excess uric acid
• Treatment of hyperuricemia primitive or secondary (due to blood diseases, renal impairment, drug taking)
• Treatment of the hyperuricosuries (excess uric acid in the urine) and hyperaturies (increase the rate of urates in the urine.) (The urates are salts, sort of derivatives of uric acid).
• Tumor Lysis (destruction of cells). There is a hyperuricemia associated with effective treatment in diseases of the blood (hematological malignancies) as the essential Polycythemia, leukemia, malignant lymphoma, myeloid metastasis, diseases often associated with elevation of potassium levels in the blood (hyperkalemia)
• In association with other molecules such as azathioprine or mercaptopurine the, when it was decided (to treat cancer) antineoplastic treatment

Dosage
Adult: 100-300 mg per day with a maximum of 600 mg
In individuals with impairment of renal filtration: 100 to 200 mg / kg
Child: 10 to 20 mg / kg / day (for hematological malignancies, of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome)

Contraindications
Hypersensitivity and allergy to allopurinol

Precautions in use
You should never begin treatment with allopurinol when an acute attack of gout.
Treatment with colchicine must be systematically associated allopurinol in the first two or three months of treatment to prevent the startup of an acute crisis.
In an individual suffering from renal failure, the administered quantities must be adapted.
Regular monitoring of the rate of blood uric acid and the rate of urate in urine to obtain effective treatment.
In the event of occurrence of digestive disorders, it is advisable to attempt to take allopurinol after meals
In individuals suffering from a lack of functioning of the renal filtration and liver function (severe), there is a risk of increased frequency of adverse effects.

Adverse effects
• Possibility of a crisis of drop trigger acute
• Digestive disorders in type of nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea
• Type of skin rash or itching skin reaction
• Risk of anaemia, a decrease in the number of certain white blood cells, especially in the presence of renal failure
• Risk of decline in the number of platelets (thrombocytopenia) with occurrence of purpura (output of blood vessels)

Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Efficacy of allopurinol has not been demonstrated with certainty during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Drug interactions
• Some precautions must be taken with the use of the aminopenicillins (type ampicillin), azathioprine, the chlorpropamide, the mercaptopurine, theophylline, oral anticoagulants.

Associations discouraged with:
• Derivatives of the thiazidique
• The vidarabine
• Ampicillin and other Penicillins Group A (risk of allergic reaction)
• The acidifying urine likely to promote the formation of urinary calculations
• Iron (risk of deposit of salts of iron in the liver)